Search
transforming growth factor alpha; TGF-alpha; EGF-like TGF; ETGF; TGF type 1 (TGFA)
Function:
- released by proteolysis of membrane-bound precursor
- binds to EGF receptor
- mitogen for mesenchymal cells
- promotes angiogenesis
- by itself, inhibits proliferation of most epithelial cells & lymphocytes
- synergistic with TGF-beta in promoting anchorage- independent cell proliferation in soft agar
- interacts with the PDZ domains of MAGI3, SDCBP & SNTA1
- interaction with SDCBP, is required for targeting to the cell surface
- in the endoplasmic reticulum, in its immature form (i.e. with a prosegment & lacking full N-glycosylation), interacts with CNIH
- in the Golgi apparatus, may form a complex with CNIH & GORASP2
- interacts (via cytoplasmic C-terminal domain) with NKD2
Structure: contains 1 EGF-like domain
Compartment:
- secreted, extracellular space
- pro-TGF-alpha:
- cell membrane; single-pass type 1 membrane protein
Alternative splicing: named isoforms=5
Expression:
- isoform 1, isoform 3 & isoform 4 are expressed in keratinocytes & tumor-derived cell lines
Interactions
molecular events
General
glycoprotein
transforming growth factor (TGF)
Properties
SIZE: entity length = 160 aa
MW = 17 kD
COMPARTMENT: cellular membrane
MOTIF: signal sequence {1-23}
N-glycosylation site {N25}
EGF domain {43-83}
MOTIF: cysteine residue {C47}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C60}
cysteine residue {C55}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C71}
cysteine residue {C60}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C47}
cysteine residue {C71}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C55}
cysteine residue {C73}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C82}
cysteine residue {C82}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C73}
transmembrane domain {99-124}
cysteine residue {C153}
MODIFICATION: palmitate
COMPARTMENT: membrane
cysteine residue {C154}
MODIFICATION: palmitate
COMPARTMENT: membrane
SECRETED-BY: macrophage
Database Correlations
OMIM 190170
UniProt P01135
Entrez Gene 7039
Kegg hsa:7039
References
- Primary Hyperlipoproteinemias, Steiner & Shafrir
(eds), McGraw Hill, NY, 1991, pg 89
- Henderson B & Blake S
Therapeutic potential of cytokine manipulation
TIPS 13:145 1992
PMID: 1589908
- Entrez Gene :accession 7039
- UniProt :accession P01135