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synapsin-1; synapsin I; brain protein 4.1 (SYN1)
Function:
- neuronal phosphoprotein that coats synaptic vesicles, binds to the cytoskeleton, & is believed to function in regulation of neurotransmitter release
- dephosphorylated form of synapsin-1 'cages' synaptic vesicles
- phosphorylation of synapsin-1 'decages' these vesicles increasing their ability for release
- F-actin may actually form cage
- synapsin may serve to cross-link F-actin
- complex formed with NOS1 & CAPON proteins is necessary for specific nitric-oxide functions at a presynaptic level
- substrate of at least four different protein kinases
- phosphorylation probably plays a role in the regulation of synapsin-1 in the nerve terminal
- phosphorylated upon DNA damage, probably by ATM or ATR
- interacts with CAPON
- forms a ternary complex with NOS1
- isoform Ib interacts with PRNP (putative)
Structure:
- homodimer
- belongs to the synapsin family
Compartment:
- cell junction, synapse
- Golgi
Alternative splicing: named isoforms=2; IA; IB
Pathology: -defects in SYN1 are a cause of epilepsy X-linked with variable learning disabilities ...
Interactions
molecular events
General
synapsin
Properties
SIZE: entity length = 705 aa
MW = 74 kD
COMPARTMENT: golgi
cytoplasm
CELL-REGION: axon terminal
CELL: neuron
WITHIN: brain
MOTIF: A {1-28}
MOTIF: Ser phosphorylation site {S9}
B; linker {29-112}
MOTIF: Ser phosphorylation site {S39}
Ser glycosylation site {S55}
Ser phosphorylation site {S62}
Ser phosphorylation site {S67}
Thr glycosylation site {T87}
Ser glycosylation site {S96}
Ser glycosylation site {S103}
binding site
SITE: 113-420
FOR-BINDING-OF: actin
MOTIF: Ser glycosylation site {S261}
Tyr phosphorylation site {Y312}
Thr phosphorylation site {T337}
D; Pro-rich linker {421-655}
MOTIF: Ser phosphorylation site {S427}
Ser glycosylation site {S432}
Ser phosphorylation site {S510}
Thr phosphorylation site {T512}
Ser phosphorylation site {S520}
Thr glycosylation site {T526}
Ser phosphorylation site {S551}
Ser phosphorylation site {S553}
Thr glycosylation site {T564}
Ser phosphorylation site {S568}
Ser glycosylation site {S578}
Ser phosphorylation site {S605}
E {656-705}
MOTIF: Ser phosphorylation site {S665}
Ser phosphorylation site {S704}
Database Correlations
OMIM correlations
UniProt P17600
PFAM correlations
Entrez Gene 6853
Kegg hsa:6853
References
- Hemmings HC et al
Role of protein phosphorylation in neuronal signal transduction
FASEB J 3:1583 1989
PMID: 2493406
- Lin JW et al
Effects of synapsin I and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein
kinase II on spontaneous neurotransmitter release in the squid
giant synapse.
PNAS 87:8257 1990
PMID: 1978321
- UniProt :accession P17600
- GeneReviews
https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=SYN1