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smokeless tobacco

Adverse effects: - associated with elevated risks for a) fatal MI (RR=1.13) - cessation of smokeless tobacco use after MI is associated with diminished mortality (RR=0.57) [3] b) stroke (RR=1.40) [1] Management: - cessation of smokeless tobacco use - varenicline may help smokeless tobacco users quit [2]

General

tobacco

References

  1. Boffetta P and Straif K. Use of smokeless tobacco and risk of myocardial infarction and stroke: Systematic review with meta-analysis. BMJ 2009 Aug 18; 339:b3060. PMID: 19690343 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b3060
  2. Fagerstrom K et al. Stopping smokeless tobacco with varenicline: Randomised double blind placebo controlled trial. BMJ 2010 Dec 6; 341:c6549 PMID: 21134997
  3. Arefalk G et al Discontinuation of Smokeless Tobacco and Mortality Risk after Myocardial Infarction. Circulation. June 23, 2014 PMID: 24958793 http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/early/2014/05/30/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.007252.abstract
  4. FDA News Release. April 19, 2016 FDA launches first ad campaign focused on dangers of smokeless tobacco among rural teens. http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm496631.htm
  5. National Cancer Institute Smokeless Tobacco and Cancer https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/tobacco/smokeless-fact-sheet