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serine racemase; D-serine ammonia-lyase; D-serine dehydratase; L-serine ammonia-lyase (SRR)
Function:
- catalyzes synthesis of D-serine from L-serine
- D-serine is a coagonist with glutamate at NMDA receptors
- as dehydratase activity towards both L-serine & D-serine
- allosterically activated by Mg+2, & possibly also other divalent metal cations
- allosterically activated by ATP, ADP or GTP.
Kinetic parameters:
- KM=6.5 mM for L-serine
L-serine = D-serine
L-serine = pyruvate + NH3
D-serine = pyruvate + NH3
Cofactor: pyridoxal phosphate
Inhibition:
- competitively inhibited by malonate
- S-nitrosylated, leading to decrease the enzyme activity
Structure:
- homodimer
- belongs to the serine/threonine dehydratase family
Expression:
- expressed in brain:
- expressed hippocampus & corpus callosum > substantia nigra & caudate > amygdala, thalamus, & subthalamic nuclei
- expressed in heart, skeletal muscle, kidney & liver
General
isomerase
Properties
SIZE: entity length = 340 aa
MW = 37 kD
MOTIF: ATP-binding site
NAME: ATP-binding site
SITE: 51-51
lysine residue {K56}
serine residue {S84}
ATP-binding site
NAME: ATP-binding site
SITE: 121-121
binding site
SITE: 135-135
FOR-BINDING-OF: Substrate (Probable)
active site
Mg+2-binding site
SITE: 210-210
Mg+2-binding site
SITE: 214-214
Mg+2-binding site
SITE: 216-216
Substrate binding {238-239}
Database Correlations
OMIM 606477
UniProt Q9GZT4
Pfam PF00291
Entrez Gene 63826
Kegg hsa:63826
ENZYME correlations
References
UniProt :accession Q9GZT4