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prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA)
Function:
- may be involved in the regulation of cell proliferation
- has a cell-proliferation inhibition activity in vitro
Structure: contains 1 UPAR/Ly6 domain
Compartment: cell membrane; lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor
Expression:
- highly expressed in prostate (basal, secretory & neuroendocrine epithelium cells)
- also found in bladder (transitional epithelium), placenta (trophoblasts), stomach (neuroendocrine cells), colon (neuroendocrine cells) & kidney (collecting ducts)
- expressed in gastric epithelial cells, mainly in the isthmus (at protein level)
- not detected in normal intestinal epithelium (at protein level)
Polymorphism:
- genetic variations in PSCA may influence susceptibility to diffuse-type gastric cancer
Pathology:
- overexpressed in prostate cancers
- expression is correlated with tumor stage, grade & androgen-independence
- highly expressed in prostate cancer bone metastases
- down-regulated in gastric cancer cells
Notes:
- the start codon presents some polymorphism & the initiation Met is a Thr in the genome
General
antigen
glypiated protein
lipoprotein
Properties
SIZE: entity length = 123 aa
MW = 13 kD
COMPARTMENT: plasma membrane
CELL-REGION: apical region
CELL: epithelial cell
MOTIF: signal sequence {1-20}
UPAR/Ly6 {21-95}
MOTIF: cysteine residue {C23}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C48}
cysteine residue {C26}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C35}
cysteine residue {C35}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C26}
N-glycosylation site {N40}
cysteine residue {C41}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C66}
cysteine residue {C48}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C23}
cysteine residue {C66}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C41}
cysteine residue {C70}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C86}
N-glycosylation site {N83}
cysteine residue {C86}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C70}
cysteine residue {C87}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C92}
cysteine residue {C92}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C87}
N-glycosylation site {N93}
glycosyl phosphatidylinositol [GPI] membrane anchor {N95}
Database Correlations
OMIM 602470
UniProt O43653
Pfam PF00021
References
- UniProt :accession O43653
- Atlas of Genetics & Cytogenetics in Oncology & Haematology
http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/genes/PSCAID41881ch8q24.html