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prostate-specific antigen; PSA; gamma-seminoprotein; seminin; kallikrein-3; P-30 antigen; semenogelase (KLK3 APS)
Function:
- in the seminal fluid, PSA cleaves a seminal vesicle-specific protein into several low-MW proteins as part of the process of liquefaction of the seminal coagulum
- hydrolyzes semenogelin-1 thus leading to the liquefaction of seminal coagulum
- preferential cleavage: -Tyr-|-Xaa-
- inhibited by SERPINA5
- activity is strongly inhibited by Zn2+, 100 times more abundant in semen than in serum
- this inhibition is relieved by exposure to semenogelins, which are avid Zn+2 binders
- forms heterodimer with SERPINA5
Structure:
- belongs to the peptidase S1 family, kallikrein subfamily
- contains 1 peptidase S1 domain
Compartment: secreted
Expression:
- PSA is produced exclusively by epithelial cells of the acini & ducts of the prostate gland & is secreted into the lumena of the prostatic duct
Pathology:
- serum prostate-specific antigen may be increased in
a) prostate cancer
b) prostatitis
Related
prostate specific antigen (PSA) in serum
General
antigen
glycoprotein
kallikrein
secreted protein
serine protease trypsin family
Properties
SIZE: entity length = 261 aa
MW = 29 kD
COMPARTMENT: plasma
MOTIF: signal sequence {1-17}
S1 domain {25-258}
MOTIF: cysteine residue {C31}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C173}
cysteine residue {C50}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C66}
histidine residue {H65}
cysteine residue {C66}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C50}
N-glycosylation site {N69}
aspartate residue {D120}
cysteine residue {C152}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C219}
cysteine residue {C173}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C31}
cysteine residue {C184}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C198}
cysteine residue {C198}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C184}
cysteine residue {C209}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C234}
serine residue {S213}
cysteine residue {C219}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C152}
cysteine residue {C234}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C209}
Database Correlations
OMIM 176820
UniProt P07288
Pfam PF00089
Entrez Gene 354
Kegg hsa:354
ENZYME 3.4.21.77
References
- Clinical Diagnosis & Management by Laboratory Methods,
J.B. Henry (ed), W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia,
PA. 1991, pg 293
- Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry, 2nd ed.
Burtis CA & Ashwood ER (eds), WB Saunders Co,
Philadelphia PA, 1993, pg 907
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California protocol, 1/2000
- Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, American
College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998
- Entrez Gene :accession 354