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plasma protein fraction (Plasmanate, Plasma-Plex, Plasmatein, Protenate)
Tradenames: Plasmanate, Plasma-Plex, Plasmatein, Protenate.
Indications:
1) second line agent for volume expansion & maintenance of cardiac output in shock states resulting from burns, surgery, hemorrhage, trauma, cerebral edema or cirrhosis
2) used after crystalloid therapy has failed
Contraindications:
pregnancy-category C
safety in lactation ?
Dosage:
1) 5% solution 250-500 mL IV PRN
2) not to exceed 10 mL/min
Injection: 250 & 500 mL vials
Pharmacokinetics:
- 1/2life of albumin is 15-19 days with a turnover of 15 g/day
- elimination: liver
Adverse effects:
1) bleeding due to dilution of clotting factors & decreased platelet aggregation
2) fever/chills
3) nausea
4) hypotension
5) allergic reactions (contains bradykinin-like substances & prekallikrein activator)
a) flushing
b) urticaria
c) erythema
d) hypersensitivity
6) pulmonary edema
7) tachycardia
8) headache
Mechanism of action:
1) human pooled blood fraction
2) contributes to colloid oncotic pressure
3) shifts fluid from interstitial space to the circulation
4) of no benefit in dehydrated patients
5) provides no nutritional benefit
6) contains 145 meq of Na+ & Cl-
7) pH = 7.0
General
plasma volume expander
References
- The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed.
Gilman et al, eds. Permagon Press/McGraw Hill, 1996
- Drug Information & Medication Formulary, Veterans Affairs,
Central California Health Care System, 1st ed., Ravnan et al
eds, 1998
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug
Formulary, 1998
Components
plasma protein