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pentosan polysulfate (Elmiron, PPS, polypentose sulfate)
Tradename: Elmiron.
Indications:
- relief of bladder pain or discomfort due to interstitial cystitis
- of no benefit
Dosage:
1) 100 mg PO TID
2) take with water 1 hour prior to meals or 2 hours after meals
3) re-evaluate therapy in 3 months
4) discontinue if no improvement in 6 months
Capsule: 100 mg.
Pharmacokinetics:
- 3 to 6 months of therapy may be required before benefits are observed
Adverse effects:
1) not common (1-10%)
- headache, dizziness, alopecia, rash, diarrhea, nausea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, abnormal liver function tests
2) uncommon (< 1%)
- pruritus, urticaria, photosensitivity, bruising, vomiting, mouth ulcer, colitis, esophagitis, gastritis, flatulence, constipation, anorexia, gum bleeding, anemia, increased prothrombin time, increased partial thromboplastin time, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, conjunctivitis, optic neuritis, amblyopia, retinal hemorrhage, tinnitus, pharyngitis, rhinitis, epistaxis, dyspnea, allergic reactions
3) bleeding complications may occur in patients at increased risk
Drug interactions:
1) no information available
2) it is expected that effects may compound those of heparin, warfarin, aspirin & thrombolytic agents
Mechanism of action:
- low molecular weight heparin-like compound with anticoagulant & fibrinolytic effects
General
analgesic (antalgic)
polysaccharide (complex carbohydrate, glycan)
Properties
MISC-INFO: elimination route KIDNEY
pregnancy-category B
safety in lactation ?
Database Correlations
PUBCHEM correlations
References
- The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed.
Gilman et al, eds. Permagon Press/McGraw Hill, 1996
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug
Formulary, 1998
- Nickel JC et al.
Pentosan polysulfate sodium for treatment of interstitial
cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: Insights from a randomized,
double-blind, placebo controlled study.
J Urol 2015 Mar; 193:857
PMID: 25245489
http://www.jurology.com/article/S0022-5347%2814%2904431-0/abstract