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Paxillin (PXN)
Function:
- cytoskeletal protein involved in actin-membrane attachment at sites of cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (focal adhesion)
- binds in vitro to vinculin
- proline-rich region of paxillin binds to the SH3 domain of c-SRC &
- when Tyr phosphorylated, binds to the SH2 domain of Csk & Crk
- isoform beta binds to focal adhesion kinase but weakly to vinculin
- isoform gamma binds to vinculin but only weakly to focal adhesion kinase
- interacts with GIT1, NUDT16L1/SDOS, PARVA & TGFB1I1
- component of cytoplasmic complexes, which also contain GIT1, ARHGEF6 & PAK1 (putative)
- binds ASAP2
- interacts with unphosphorylated ITGA4
- interacts with RNF5 phosphorylated on Tyr during integrin- mediated cell adhesion, embryonic development, fibroblast transformation & following stimulation of cells by mitogens
Structure:
- belongs to the paxillin family
- contains 4 LIM Zn+2-binding domains
Compartment:
- cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. cell junction, focal adhesion
Alternative splicing: named isoforms=3; alpha, beta, gamma
Interactions
molecular events
General
cytoskeletal protein
phosphoprotein
Properties
SIZE: entity length = 591 aa
MW = 65 kD
COMPARTMENT: cytoplasm
MOTIF: LD motif 1 {3-15}
Tyr phosphorylation site {Y31}
proline-rich region
SITE: 46-53
MOTIF: proline residue (SEVERAL)
Ser phosphorylation site {S83}
Ser phosphorylation site {S85}
Tyr phosphorylation site {Y88}
Ser phosphorylation site {S106}
Ser phosphorylation site {S109}
Tyr phosphorylation site {Y118}
Ser phosphorylation site {S126}
Ser phosphorylation site {S130}
Ser phosphorylation site {S137}
LD motif 2 {144-156}
Tyr phosphorylation site {Y181}
LD motif 3 {216-228}
LD motif 4 {265-276}
Ser phosphorylation site {S303}
LD motif 5 {333-345}
LIM domain {356-415}
MOTIF: cysteine residue (6)
histidine residue
Zn+2-binding site
LIM domain {416-473}
MOTIF: cysteine residue (6)
histidine residue
Zn+2-binding site
LIM domain {474-533}
MOTIF: cysteine residue (6)
histidine residue
Zn+2-binding site
LIM domain {534-591}
MOTIF: cysteine residue (6)
histidine residue
Zn+2-binding site
References
- Stossel TP.
On the crawling of animal cells.
Science. 1993 May 21;260(5111):1086-94. Review.
PMID: 8493552
- Saltiel AR.
The paradoxical regulation of protein phosphorylation in
insulin action.
FASEB J. 1994
- Clark EA & Brugge JS
Integrins and signal transduction pathways: the road taken.
Science 268:233 1995
PMID: 7716514
- UniProt :accession P49023
Databases & Figures
OMIM 602505
UniProt P49023
PFAM correlations
Entrez Gene 5829
Kegg hsa:5829
E-cadherin/CD31 ... F-actin