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optometry (eye examination)
Indications:
1) vision screening for all children 3-5 years of age at least once to detect amblyopia or its risk factors (USPSTF) [3]
2) indications for screening not well established for asymptomatic adults
3) American Academy of Ophthalmology recommends:
a) complete screening examination every 2-5 years for persons > 40 years
b) screening for presbyopia, glaucoma
4) not enough evidence to recommend screening adults > 65 years for impaired visual acuity [2]
5) high risk individuals (also see ophthalmology)
a) hypertension
b) family history of glaucoma (10% risk for 1st degree relatives)
c) African Americans (increased prevalence of glaucoma)
d) age > 65 years due to increased prevalence of:
1] *glaucoma
2] uncorrected refractive index error
3] *cataracts
4] *age-related macular degeneration
e) eyeglasses
Related
eye
ophthalmology; ophthalmological service
optometrist
Snellen visual acuity test
tonometry
visual function
visual impairment
Specific
anterior segment photography with endothelial microscopy & cell count
fitting of spectacles
optometry for aphakia
optometry for ocular prosthesis
General
clinical procedure
References
- Mangione CM, In: UCLA Intensive Course in Geriatric Medicine &
Board Review, Marina Del Ray, CA, Sept 12-15, 2001
- U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
Draft Recommendation Statement. July 2015
Impaired Visual Acuity in Older Adults: Screening.
http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/draft-recommendation-statement161/impaired-visual-acuity-in-older-adults-screening
- US Preventive Services Task Force
Vision Screening in Children Aged 6 Months to 5 Years.
US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.
JAMA. 2017;318(9):836-844
PMID: 28873168
http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2652657
- Jonas DE, Amick HR, Wallace IF et al
Vision Screening in Children Aged 6 Months to 5 Years: Evidence
Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task
Force.
JAMA. 2017 Sep 5;318(9):845-858.
PMID: 28873167
http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2652656
- Good WV
Vision Screening in Very Young Children - Making Sense of an
Inexorable Diagnostic Process.
JAMA Pediatr. Published online September 5, 2017.
PMID: 28873126
http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2652309
- Donahue SP
The 2017 US Preventive Services Task Force Report on Preschool
Vision Screening.
JAMA Ophthalmol. Published online September 5, 2017.
PMID: 28873119
http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaophthalmology/fullarticle/2652712
- Eye Examinations
http://www.nei.nih.gov/photo/eye_exam/index.asp
- Comprehensive adult eye and vision examination
American Optometric Association (AOA)
http://www.aoa.org/documents/CPG-1.pdf