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nutritional supplement

Indications: - oral nutritional supplements may improve nutritional status & reduce complications & mortality in malnourished hospitalized elderly [8] Adverse effects: - contaminants are common in supplements marketed for muscle building, weight loss, & sexual enhancement [7] - nutritional supplement account for 20 percent of drug-related liver injuries that led to hospitalization in 2010-2012 [5] - body-building supplements that contained anabolic steroids [6] - green tea extract containing large amounts of catechins Notes: - insufficient evidence to support benefit or identify harm from use of multivitamin & mineral supplements to prevent cancer & chronic disease. [1]

Related

dietary supplement (nutraceutical, medicinal food) pharmaceutical herb; medicinal herb; herbal supplement; botanical

Specific

calcium supplement craze iron supplement micronutrient supplement multivitamin (MVI) multivitamin (MVI) with minerals potassium supplement soy lecithin sports supplement; body building supplement zinc supplement

General

pharmaceutical agent

References

  1. NIH-State-of-the-Science Panel, National Institutes of Health state-of-the-science conference conference statement: Multivitamin/mineral supplements and chronic disease progression. Ann Intern Med 2006, 145:364 PMID: 16880454 - Huang H-Y et al, The efficacy and safety of multivitamin and mineral supplement use to prevent cancer and chronic disease in adults: A systematic review for a National Institutes of Health state-of-science conference Ann Intern Med 2006, 145:372 PMID: 16880453
  2. Prescriber's Letter 14(4): 2007 USP verified supplements Detail-Document#: 230410 (subscription needed) http://www.prescribersletter.com
  3. Mursu J et al. Dietary supplements and mortality rate in older women: The Iowa Women's Health Study. Arch Intern Med 2011 Oct 10; 171:1625. PMID: 21987192
  4. Bailey RL et al. Why US adults use dietary supplements. JAMA Intern Med. Feb 4, 2013 PMID: 23381623 http://archinte.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1568520
  5. Physician's First Watch, Dec 23, 2013 David G. Fairchild, MD, MPH, Editor-in-Chief Massachusetts Medical Society http://www.jwatch.org - O'Connor A Spike in Harm to Liver Is Tied to Dietary Aids. New York Times. Dec 21, 2013 http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/22/us/spike-in-harm-to-liver-is-tied-to-dietary-aids.html?_r=0
  6. FDA MedWatch. Dec 23, 2013 Muscle Growth Product Called Mass Destruction: FDA Health Risk Warning - Undeclared Ingredients. http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/SafetyInformation/SafetyAlertsforHumanMedicalProducts/ucm379740.htm
  7. Tucker J et al. Unapproved pharmaceutical ingredients included in dietary supplements associated with US Food and Drug Administration warnings. JAMA Netw Open 2018 Oct 12; 1:e183337 PMID: 30646238 Free PMC Article https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2706496 - Cohen PA, Wen A, Gerona R. Prohibited stimulants in dietary supplements after enforcement action by the US Food and Drug Administration. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1721-1723. PMID: 30422217 https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2706496
  8. Milne AC, Potter J, Vivanti A, Avenell A. Protein and energy supplementation in elderly people at risk from malnutrition. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009 Review. PMID: 19370584 - Milne AC, Avenell A, Potter J Meta-Analysis: Protein and Energy Supplementation in Older People. Ann Intern Med. 2006 Jan 3;144(1):37-48 PMID: 16389253 https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/0003-4819-144-1-200601030-00008
  9. Nutritional Supplements for the Athlete http://www.clevelandclinic.org/health/health-info/docs/1900/1901.asp?index=8419