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nedocromil (Tilade, Alocril)
Tradename: Tilade, Alocril (ophthlamic)
Indications:
- prevention of bronchospasm
- prophylaxis for allergen-induced asthma
- prophylaxis for exercise-induced asthma
- inhaler 15-20 minutes before exercise
- allergic conjunctivitis
Dosage:
1) inhaler:
- 2 puffs QID, 1.75 mg/activation (16.2 g)
2) ophthalmic:
- 2%, pH 4.0-5.5%, osmolality 270-330 mOsm/kg [5]
Pharmacokinetics:
-> no significant systemic absorption (ophthalmic)
Adverse effects:
- not common (1-10%)
- coughing, pharyngitis, rhinitis, bronchitis, dyspnea, bronchospasm, nausea/vomiting, dry mouth, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, chest pain, fatigue, taste disturbance
Mechanism of action:
1) inhibits mast cell response to IgE
- 4 to 10 times more powerful than cromolyn
2) inhibits activation of macrophages
3) inhibits activation of T helper cells
4) decreases bronchial hyper-responsiveness
5) decreased chemotaxis of eosinophils
Interactions
drug interactions
General
antiasthmatic agent
mast cell stabilizer
quinolone
Properties
MISC-INFO: elimination route LIVER
pregnancy-category B
safety in lactation ?
Database Correlations
PUBCHEM correlations
References
- The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed.
Gilman et al, eds. Permagon Press/McGraw Hill, 1996
- Mayo Internal Medicine Board Review, 1998-99, Prakash UBS (ed)
Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1998, pg 742
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug
Formulary, 1998
- Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, American
College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998
- Alocril
http://www.alocril.com