muscles of the foot (layers of plantar muscles)

4 muscular layers in the sole of the foot. These muscles help to: 1) maintain the arches of the foot 2) enable one to stand on uneven ground 1st layer: 1) abductor hallucis 2) flexor digitorum brevis 3) abductor digiti minimi pedis 2nd layer: 1) quadratus plantae (flexor accessorius) 2) tendons of flexor hallucis longus & flexor digitorum longus 3) lumbricalis pedis 3rd layer: 1) flexor hallucis brevis 2) adductor hallucis 3) flexor digiti minimi brevis pedis 4th layer: 1) plantar interosseous 2) dorsal interosseous pedis

Related

foot nerves of the foot skeletal muscle (voluntary muscle)

References

Stedman's Medical Dictionary 27th ed, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1999.