Search
metal in urine
Pathology:
- metals in urine associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) & death*
Metal RR of CVD RR of death
cadmium 1.25 1.68
copper 1.42 1.50
zinc 1.21 1.38
cobalt 1.24 1.37
uranium 1.32 1.32
tungsten 1.20 1.16
* cadmium, copper, zinc cobalt, uranium, tungsten
- these same metals are associated with coronary artery calcium [2]
General
urine chemistry test
References
- Lou N
These Metals in Urine Predict Heart Disease and Death.
Exposure may come from food, water, and air
MedPage Today, August 1, 2024
https://www.medpagetoday.com/cardiology/prevention/111319
- Martinez-Morata I, Schilling K, Glabonjat RA et al
Association of Urinary Metals With Cardiovascular Disease Incidence and
All-Cause Mortality in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
Circulation. 2024. August 1.
PMID: 39087344
https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.069414
- McGraw KE, Schilling K, Glabonjat RA et al
Urinary Metal Levels and Coronary Artery Calcification: Longitudinal Evidence in
the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
medRxiv [Preprint]. 2023 Nov 1:2023.10.31.23297878.
PMID: 37961623 PMCID: PMC10635251 Free PMC article. Preprint.
- McGraw KE, Schilling K, Glabonjat RA et al
Urinary Metal Levels and Coronary Artery Calcification: Longitudinal Evidence in
the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2024 Sep 12:S0735-1097(24)07961-0
PMID: 39297845 Free article.
https://www.jacc.org/doi/10.1016/j.jacc.2024.07.020