melanin-concentrating hormone (PMCH, MCH, NEI, NGE)

Function: - derived from precursor pro-MCH - may act as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator in a broad array of neuronal functions directed toward the regulation of goal-directed behavior, such as food intake, & general arousal - may also have a role in spermatocyte differentiation - differentially processed in the brain & in peripheral organs producing two neuropeptides; - neuropeptide glutamic acid-isoleucine (NEI) - melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) - third peptide, NGE, may also be produced - preferential processing in neurons by prohormone convertase 2 (PC2) generates NEI - MCH is generated in neurons of the lateral hypothalmus by several prohormone convertases including PC1/3, PC2 & PC5/6 Structure: - belongs to the melanin-concentrating hormone family Compartment: secreted Expression: - predominantly expressed in lateral hypothalamus - also detected in pallidum, neocortex & cerebellum - also found in thymus, brown adipose tissue, duodenum & testis (spermatogonia, early spermatocytes & Sertoli cells) - no expression in peripheral blood - in brain exclusively mature MCH & NEI peptides are present - in peripheral tissues a large product, encompassing the NEI & MCH domains of the precursor, is found predominantly

General

hormone secreted peptide

Properties

SIZE: entity length = 165 aa MW = 19 kD COMPARTMENT: extracellular compartment MOTIF: signal sequence {1-21} cysteine residue {C153} MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C162} cysteine residue {C162} MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C153}

Database Correlations

OMIM 176795 UniProt P20382 Pfam PF05824 Entrez Gene 5367 Kegg hsa:5367

References

UniProt :accession P20382