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malignancy with infectious etiology
Etiology:
1) cervical cancer
a) human papilloma virus
b) increased incidence in HIV infection
c) risk proportional to number of sexual partners
2) rectal cancer
a) human papilloma virus
b) increased incidence in HIV infection
c) risk proportional to number of sexual partners
3) Kaposi's sarcoma
a) herpes virus 8
b) primarily in younger HIV-infected homosexual men
c) may be mistaken for bacillary angiomatosis (bartonellosis)
4) Hodgkin's lymphoma
a) Epstein-Barr virus
b) increased incidence in HIV infection
5) oral hairy leukoplakia
a) Epstein-Barr virus
b) seen in HIV infection
c) responds to antivirals active against herpes virus
6) Burkitt's lymphoma
a) Epstein-Barr virus t(8,14)-positive
b) presents as oral & nasopharyngeal cancer in China & Southeast Asia & as post-transplantation lymphoma in immunosuppressed patients
7) mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma
a) Helicobacter pylori
b) usually involves GI tract, particularly stomach
c) treat early disease with antibiotics for H pylori
8) hepatocellular carcinoma
a) hepatitis B & hepatitis C
b) cirrhosis is the most important risk factor
c) most common causes of cirrhosis
a) chronic hepatitis B
b) hepatitis C
c) alcoholism
d) schistosomyosis in South America
General
malignant neoplasm (cancer)
References
- Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 14,
American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2006