Contents

Search

lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra)

Combination of 2 protease inhibitors: lopinavir & ritonavir. Indications: - treatment of HIV1/AIDS - in combination with zidovudine & lamivudine, may be treatment of choice for pregnant women [5] Dosage: Storage: - must be protected from heat & moisture - Norvir & Kaletra) can be dispensed in original container or USP equivalent container or can be stored outside of these containers for up to 2 weeks [6] Monitor: - lipid panel - serum glucose Adverse effects: - diarrhea [3] - also see lopinavir, ritonavir - premature babies may be at increased risk due to a diminished ability to eliminate propylene glycol leading to cardiac, renal & pulmonary problems [4] Mechanism of action: - lopinavir is the major antiretroviral in Kaletra - ritonavir inhibits lopinavir metabolism by cyt P450-3A Notes: - contains ethanol & propylene glycol

Interactions

drug interactions

General

pharmacologic combination

References

  1. Prescriber's Letter 7(10):57 2000
  2. Department of Veterans Affairs, VA National Formulary
  3. Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 15, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2009
  4. FDA MedWatch: 3/8/2011 Kaletra (lopinavir/ritonavir): Label Change - Serious Health Problems in Premature Babies
  5. Zuger A Use of Antiretroviral Drugs in Pregnancy. Physician's First Watch, April 22, 2014 David G. Fairchild, MD, MPH, Editor-in-Chief Massachusetts Medical Society http://www.jwatch.org - Panel on Treatment of HIV-Infected Pregnant Women and Prevention of Perinatal Transmission. Recommendations for use of antiretroviral drugs in pregnant HIV-1-infected women for maternal health and interventions to reduce perinatal HIV transmission in the United States. 2014. AIDSinfo. Clinical Guidelines Portal. March 28, 2014. http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/Guidelines/HTML/3/perinatal-guidelines/0 (corresponding NGC guideline withdrawn March 2016)
  6. Prescriber's Letter 21(6): 2014 Oral Meds to Keep in Original Containers Detail-Document#: 300622 (subscription needed) http://www.prescribersletter.com

Components

lopinavir (Aluviran) ritonavir (Norvir, RTV)