Search
interleukin-34; IL-34 (IL34 C16orf77)
Function:
- cytokine
- promotes proliferation, survival & differentiation of monocytes & macrophages
- promotes release of proinflammatory chemokines
- role in innate immunity & in inflammatory processes
- role in regulation of osteoclast proliferation & differentiation
- regulation of bone resorption
- signaling via CSF1R & its downstream effectors
- stimulates phosphorylation of MAPK1/ERK2 & MAPK3/ERK1
- homodimer
- interacts with CSF1R
Structure: belongs to the IL-34 family
Compartment: secreted
Alternative splicing: named isoforms=2
Expression:
- detected in sinusoidal epithelium in red pulp of spleen (at protein level)
- predominantly expressed in spleen
- also detected in a range of other tissues including heart, brain, lung, liver, kidney, thymus, testis, ovary, small intestine, prostate & colon
- expressed in choroid plexus
Pathology:
- associated with impaired macrophage function
- may interfere with macrophage uptake of amyloid fibrils [2]
- may contribute to pathogenesis of AD through mechanism associated with the blood-CSF barrier [2]
General
glycoprotein
interleukin
Properties
SIZE: entity length = 242 aa
MW = 27 kD
COMPARTMENT: extracellular compartment
MOTIF: signal sequence {1-20}
N-glycosylation site {N76}
Database Correlations
OMIM 612081
UniProt Q6ZMJ4
Entrez Gene 146433
Kegg hsa:146433
References
- UniProt :accession Q6ZMJ4
- Tims BM, Vromen EM, Mjaavatten O et al
Cerebrospinal fluid proteomics in patients with Alzheimer's disease reveals five
molecular subtypes with distinct genetic risk profiles.
Nat Aging. 2024 Jan;4(1):33-47.
PMID: 38195725 PMCID: PMC10798889 Free PMC article.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s43587-023-00550-7