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HERV-W 7q21.2 provirus ancestral Env polyprotein; envelope polyprotein gPr73; HERV-7q Envelope protein; HERV-W envelope protein; syncytin; syncytin-1; enverin; Env-W [Contains: surface protein (SU) (gp50); transmembrane protein (TM) (gp24)] (ERVWE1)
Also see endogenous retroviral envelope polyprotein
Expression:
- expressed in placental syncytiotrophoblast > testis > adrenal, bone marrow, breast, colon, kidney, ovary, prostate, skin, spleen,thymus, thyroid, brain, trachea
Pathology:
1) both mRNA & protein levels are significantly increased in brain of patients with multiple sclerosis, particularly in astrocytes & microglia
- increased expression in astrocytes induces the release of iNOS, IL-1 beta & redox reactants resulting in oligodendrocyte damage & death
2) can make pseudotypes with HIV-1 virions & confer infectivity
3) can induce cellular resistance to spleen necrosis virus in vitro
Comparative biology:
- orthologs in Pan troglodytes, Gorilla gorilla, Pongo pygmaeus & Hylobates moloch
Genetics:
- intergenic, closest flanking genes are ODAG & PEX1
General
endogenous retroviral envelope polyprotein
glycoprotein
Properties
SIZE: MW = 60 kD
entity length = 538 aa
MOTIF: signal sequence {1-20}
N-glycosylation site {N169}
CXXC {186-189}
MOTIF: cysteine residue {C186}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C405}
cysteine residue {C186}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C189}
cysteine residue {C189}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C186}
N-glycosylation site {N208}
N-glycosylation site {N214}
N-glycosylation site {N234}
N-glycosylation site {N242}
N-glycosylation site {N281}
proteolytic site {317-318}
Fusion peptide {320-340}
Immunosuppression {380-396}
CX6CC {397-405}
MOTIF: cysteine residue {C397}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C404}
cysteine residue {C404}
MODIFICATION: cysteine residue {C397}
N-glycosylation site {N409}
transmembrane domain {444-464}
fusiogenic {465-484}
Database Correlations
OMIM 604659
UniProt Q9UQF0
Pfam PF00429
References
- UniProt :accession Q9UQF0
- Human Endogenous Retrovirus Database (HERVd)
http://herv.img.cas.cz/cgi-bin/draw_full_element.cgi?fid=41573
- Protein Spotlight
A virus for life - Issue 50 of September 2004
http://www.expasy.org/spotlight/back_issues/sptlt050.shtml