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gastrin (GAST, GAS)
Function:
- stimulates secretion of gastric acid (HCl) by parietal cells of the stomach
- aids in gastric motility
Structure:
- the principal forms of gastrin in blood are:
a) G-34 (big gastrin, t1/2 of 42 minutes)
b) G-17 (little gastrin, t1/2 of 5 minutes)
c) G-14 (mini gastrin, t1/2 of 5 minutes)
- gastrins circulate as sulfated (II) or non-sulfated (I) forms
Expression:
- released by G cells in the stomach, duodenum, & pancreas
- release is stimulated by peptides in the lumen of the stomach
- gastrin levels follow a circadian pattern
- lowest at 0300-0700 hours
- highest during the day
- levels fluctuate in relation to meals
Pathology:
- high serum gastrin (> 1000 pg/mL) occurs in
a) Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (+ gastric acid)
b) pernicious anemia (- gastric acid)
Related
gastrin Ag in tissue
gastrin in serum
gastrin/cholecystokinin type B receptor; CCK-B receptor; CCK-BR; cholecystokinin-2 receptor; CCK2-R (CCKBR, CCKRB)
Zollinger-Ellison (ZE) syndrome (gastrinoma)
General
gastrointestinal hormone
secreted protein
Properties
SIZE: entity length = 101 aa
MW = 11 kD
COMPARTMENT: extracellular compartment
MOTIF: signal sequence {1-21}
proteolytic site {40-41}
proteolytic site {58-59}
proteolytic site {75-76}
proteolytic site {95-96}
MOTIF: Ser phosphorylation site {S96}
Database Correlations
OMIM 137250
UniProt P01350
Pfam PF00918
Entrez Gene 2520
Kegg hsa:2520
References
- Clinical Chemistry, Theory, Analysis & Correlation,
2nd ed., Kaplan & Pesce (eds), CV Mosby, St.Louis,
1989 pg 392
- Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, 3rd edition, NW Tietz
ed, WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 1995
- Wikipedia: Gastrin
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastrin
- UniProt :accession P01350