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irisin
Function:
- cleaved & secreted from membrane protein FNDC5 [1]
- irisin acts on white adipose cells to stimulate UCP1 expression & a broad program of brown-fat-like development
- irisin is induced with exercise in humans
Expression:
- secreted from membrane in skeletal muscle
Comparative biology:
- mildly increased irisin levels in the blood cause an increase in energy expenditure in mice with no changes in movement or food intake
- this results in improvements in obesity & glucose homeostasis
- regular exercise improves cognition & induces irisin in mice
- irisin knockout mice do not show improved cognition with exercise
- injecting irisin into the hippocampus improved memory [2]
General
glycoprotein
hormone
membrane protein
secreted protein
Properties
SIZE: entity length = 196 aa
MW = 22 kD
COMPARTMENT: peroxisome
FORM: irisin
MOTIF: signal sequence {1-15}
fibronectin type III domain or F3 module {18-108}
MOTIF: N-glycosylation site {N23}
transmembrane domain {137-157}
microbody-targeting signal {194-196}
Database Correlations
UniProt Q8NAU1
Pfam PF00041
Kegg hsa:2529
References
- Bostrom P et al.
A PGC1-alpha-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like
development of white fat and thermogenesis.
Nature 2012 Jan 26; 481:46
PMID: 22237023
- Islam MR, Valaris S, Young MF et al.
Exercise hormone irisin is a critical regulator of cognitive function.
Nat Metab 2021 Aug; 3:1058
PMID: 34417591
https://www.nature.com/articles/s42255-021-00438-z