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fatty acid synthase; includes: [acyl-carrier-protein] S-acetyltransferase; [acyl-carrier-protein] S-malonyltransferase; 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase; 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase; 3-hydroxypalmitoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase; enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase; Oleoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] hydrolase (FASN, FAS)
Function:
- fatty acid synthetase catalyzes the formation of long-chain fatty acids from acetyl-CoA, malonyl-CoA & NADPH
- multifunctional protein has 7 catalytic activities
- acyl carrier protein
acetyl-CoA + n malonyl-CoA + 2n NADPH = long-chain fatty acid + (n+1) CoA + n CO2 + 2n NADP+
acetyl-CoA + [acyl-carrier-protein] = CoA + acetyl-[acyl-carrier-protein]
malonyl-CoA + [acyl-carrier-protein] = CoA + malonyl-[acyl-carrier-protein]
acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] + malonyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] = 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] + CO2 + [acyl-carrier-protein]
(3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] + NADP+ = 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] + NADPH
(3R)-3-hydroxypalmitoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] = hexadec-2-enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] + H2O
acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] + NADP+ = trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] + NADPH
Oleoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] + H2O = [acyl-carrier-protein] + oleate
Structure:
- homodimer which is arranged in a head to tail fashion
- contains 1 acyl carrier domain
Compartment:
- cytoplasm
- melanosome
Expression:
- ubiquitous
- prominent expression in brain, lung, & liver
Notes:
- the relatively low beta-ketoacyl synthase activity may be attributable to the low 4'-phosphopantetheine content of the protein
General
ligase or synthetase
multifunctional enzyme
oxidoreductase
phosphoprotein
Properties
SIZE: entity length = 2511 aa
MW = 273 kD
COMPARTMENT: cytoplasm
MOTIF: Beta-ketoacyl synthase {1-414}
acetylation site
SITE: N-TERMINUS
EFFECTOR-BOUND: acetyl
cysteine residue {C161}
Ser phosphorylation site {S207}
Acyl and malonyl transferases {429-817}
MOTIF: serine residue {S581}
histidine residue {H878}
Enoyl reductase {1635-1863}
MOTIF: cofactor-binding site [1671-1688]
COFACTOR-BOUND: NADP
Beta-ketoacyl reductase {1864-2118}
MOTIF: cofactor-binding site [1886-1901]
COFACTOR-BOUND: NADP
Acyl carrier {2123-2179}
Ser phosphorylation site {S2198}
Thr phosphorylation site {T2204}
Thioesterase {2207-2511}
MOTIF: Ser phosphorylation site {S2236}
serine residue {S2308}
histidine residue {H2481}
Database Correlations
OMIM 600212
UniProt P49327
PFAM correlations
Entrez Gene 2194
KEGG correlations
ENZYME correlations
References
- UniProt :accession P49327
- Smith S
The animal fatty acid synthase: one gene, one polypeptide,
seven enzymes.
FASEB J 8:1248 1994
PMID: 8001737
Component-of
fatty acid synthetase complex