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epispadias
Etiology:
- bladder exstrophy & other urologic birth defects
Epidemiology:
- rare
- 1 in 117,000 newborn boys
- 1 in 484,000 newborn girls
Pathology:
- urethra does not develop into a full tube
- urine exits the body from the wrong place
Radiology:
- ultrasound
- MRI
- intravenous pyelogram
Complications:
- reflux nephropathy
Management:
- surgery
General
congenital anomaly (birth defect)
urogenital disease
References
- PubMed Health: Epispadias
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002264/