epinephrine/lidocaine; lidocaine (Xylocaine) with epinephrine

Indications: - local infiltration anesthesia Contraindications: Caution: 1) do NOT use in distal parts of the body, i.e. digits, nose, ears, penis 2) do NOT use large doses in patients with heart block Dosage: 1) varies with procedure 2) children: a) use 0.5% lidocaine (0.25%-0.5% in infants) b) lidocaine dose should not exceed 7 mg/kg (when used with epinephrine {4.5 mg/kg without}) Injection: 1) with epinephrine (1:100,000) lidocaine HCl (1% 30 mL) 2) with epinephrine (1:100,000) lidocaine HCl (2% 30 mL) 3) with epinephrine (1:200,000) lidocaine HCl (1% 30 mL) 4) with epinephrine (1:200,000) lidocaine HCl (2% 30 mL) Adverse effects: - not common (1-10%) - hypotension, bradycardia, lightheadedness, nervousness, confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, convulsions, urticaria, tremors, blurred vision, tinnitus

General

pharmacologic combination local anesthetic

References

Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug Formulary, 1998

Components

epinephrine; adrenaline (Sus-Phrine, Vapronefrin, Epifrin, Glaucon, Auvi-Q, Allerject) lidocaine (Xylocaine)