dietary therapy for diabetes mellitus

Management: 1) maintain as near-normal levels of glucose as possible by balancing food intake with medications (insulin or oral agents) & activity 2) Achieve optimal serum lipid levels. 3) Provide calories to maintain or achieve reasonable weight for adults or to promote recovery from catabolic illness. Promote weight loss in obese patients. 4) Aim for protein intake of 10-20% & saturated fat <10% of daily calories. 5) Distribute the remaining 60%-70% of daily calories between carbohydrate & fat based upon treatment goals for blood glucose & serum lipids. Emphasize monounsaturated fats over polyunsaturated fats. , 6) Sucrose & other simple sugars may be substituted for carbohydrates. 7) As in the general polulation, aim for 20-35 grams of daily fiber. 8) If hypertension is present, limit sodium intake to <2.4 g/day. 9) Limit alcoholic beverages to < 2/day. 10) Vitamin & mineral supplementation is unnecessary for most patients. * Do NOT smoke.

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diabetes mellitus diet

References

Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 14th ed. Fauci et al (eds), McGraw-Hill Inc. NY, 1998, pg 468