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dicyclomine (Bentyl)
Tradename: Bentyl.
Indication: irritable bowel syndrome
Dosage:
1) adults: 10-40 mg PO/IM QID
2) children: 10 mg PO TID-QID
Tabs: 10 & 20 mg.
Syrup: 10 mg/5 mL, 10 mg/mL [3]
Pharmacokinetics:
1) rapidly absorbed from GI tract
2) peak levels in 1-1.5 hours after oral administration
3) absorbed slightly faster after IM administration
4) elimination
a) 1/2life is 9-10 hours
b) 80% of drug eliminated in the urine
c) 20% of drug eliminated in the feces
Adverse effects:
1) common (> 10%)
1) constipation
2) decreased sweating
3) dry mouth, nose, throat or skin
4) reactions at injection site
2) less common (1-10%)
- diminished flow of breast milk, difficulty swallowing, blurred vision, photosensitivity
3) uncommon (< 1%)
- skin rash, confusion, increased intraocular pain, orthostatic hypotension, bloating, difficulty urinating, drowsiness, headache, lightheadedness, loss of memory, nausea/vomiting, weakness, tiredness, tachycardia, palpitations, seizures, asphyxia, coma, nervousness, excitement, confusion, insomnia, muscular hypotonia, urinary retention, respiratory distress
4) other:
- sedation
Mechanism of action:
1) antispasmodic tertiary amine
2) may act act non-selective smooth muscle relaxant
3) little to no anti-muscarinic activity
4) decreases abdominal pain by decreasing intestinal contractions
Interactions
drug interactions
drug adverse effects of parasympatholytics
General
antiulcer agent
parasympatholytic (anticholinergic, antimuscarinic agent)
smooth muscle relaxant
Properties
MISC-INFO: elimination route LIVER
KIDNEY
pregnancy-category C
safety in lactation -
Database Correlations
PUBCHEM correlations
References
- The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed.
Gilman et al, eds. Permagon Press/McGraw Hill, 1996
- Drug Information & Medication Formulary, Veterans Affairs,
Central California Health Care System, 1st ed., Ravnan et al
eds, 1998
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California Regional Drug
Formulary, 1998