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chylomicron
Function:
- chylomicrons transport dietary fat from intestinal epithelium into the circulation
- chylomicrons are carried by the lymphatics into the thoracic duct & subsequently the jugular vein & plasma
- within the lymphatics, chylomicrons acquire apo C from HDL
- chylomicrons are metabolized in the periphery via lipoprotein lipases, stimulated by apo C2 & inhibited by apo C3
- the chylomicron remnant is rapidly removed in the liver by LRP which recognizes apo E
Structure:
- the major fraction of chylomicrons is triglycerides (80-90% of chylomicron weight)
- 1-2% of weight is contributed by apolipoproteins, apo B-48, apo A1, aop A2, apo A4, & apo C.
Expression:
- synthesized by & released from intestinal epithelial cells
- the lipid content of chylomicrons is derived predominantly derived from the alimentary tract
Related
CD91, low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor related protein (LRP) 1, apolipoprotein E [apoE] receptor 1, chylomicron remnant receptor or alpha-2 macroglobulin receptor
chylomicron retention disease (Anderson disease)
Specific
chylomicron remnant
General
lipoprotein
macromolecular complex
plasma protein
Figures/Diagrams
Figures/diagrams/slides/tables related to chylomicron
Properties
SIZE: WIDTH = >70 NM
COMPARTMENT: plasma
MISC-INFO: lifetime
:UNITS MIN
:FORM 1/2LIFE
References
- Tietz Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry 3rd ed,
WB Saunders, 1987 pg 457
- Primary Hyperlipoproteinemias, Steiner & Shafrir
(eds), McGraw Hill, NY, 1991, pg 33
- Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry, 2nd ed.
Burtis CA & Ashwood ER (eds), WB Saunders Co,
Philadelphia PA, 1993, pg 1025
Components
apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1)
apolipoprotein A2 (APOA2)
apolipoprotein A4 apo-AIV; apoA-IV (APOA4)
apolipoprotein B48 (apoB48)
apolipoprotein C
apolipoprotein E (APOE)
cholesterol
cholesterol ester
phosphatidylcholine (lecithin)
triglyceride