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chromium picolinate

Pharmaceutical form of Indications: 1) diabetes mellitus type 2 [5,6] 2) metabolic syndrome X Dosage: 1) 200 ug of elemental chromium QD 2) 1 mg of chromium picolinate QD [1] Pharmacokinetics: 1) alledgely best absorbed form of Cr+3 2) directly taken up into cells [8] Adverse effects: 1) potentially clastogenic [3] & cytotoxic [9] 2) clinical reports of toxicity few & ambiguous [10] 3) dermatitis [11] Mechanism of action: 1) facilitates carbohydrate & lipid metabolism [2,5] 2) reduces insulin resistance 3) shortens QTc interval in overweight type 2 diabetics [1] 4) no benefit in strength with resistance training [4] 5) benefit for weight reduction may be small [7] 6) tissue distribution [8] a) enters tissue cells intact b) taken up by kidney, muscle, & live c) subcellular location - most in nucleus & mitochondria - less in cytosol, lysosomes & microsomes 7) see Cr+3

General

salt metabolic agent (metabolic modifier)

Database Correlations

PUBCHEM correlations

References

  1. Vrtovec M, Vrtovec B, Briski A, Kocijancic A, Anderson RA, Radovancevic B. Chromium supplementation shortens QTc interval duration in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am Heart J. 2005 Apr;149(4):632-6. PMID: 15990745
  2. McCarty MF. Chromium picolinate may favorably influence the vascular risk associated with smoking by combating cortisol-induced insulin resistance. Med Hypotheses. 2005;64(6):1220-4. PMID: 15823722
  3. Yang X, Palanichamy K, Ontko AC, Rao MN, Fang CX, Ren J, Sreejayan N. A newly synthetic chromium complex--chromium(phenylalanine)3 improves insulin responsiveness and reduces whole body glucose tolerance. FEBS Lett. 2005 Feb 28;579(6):1458-64. PMID: 15733857
  4. Campbell WW, Joseph LJ, Ostlund RE Jr, Anderson RA, Farrell PA, Evans WJ. Resistive training and chromium picolinate: effects on inositols and liver and kidney functions in older adults. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2004 Aug;14(4):430-42. PMID: 15467101
  5. Rabinovitz H, Friedensohn A, Leibovitz A, Gabay G, Rocas C, Habot B. Effect of chromium supplementation on blood glucose and lipid levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus elderly patients. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2004 May;74(3):178-82. PMID: 15296075
  6. Kalman DS. Chromium picolinate and type 2 diabetes. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Jul;78(1):192; author reply 192-3. PMID: 12816793
  7. Pittler MH, Stevinson C, Ernst E. Chromium picolinate for reducing body weight: meta-analysis of randomized trials. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2003 Apr;27(4):522-9. PMID: 12664086
  8. Hepburn DD, Vincent JB. Tissue and subcellular distribution of chromium picolinate with time after entering the bloodstream. J Inorg Biochem. 2003 Feb 1;94(1-2):86-93. PMID: 12620677
  9. Manygoats KR, Yazzie M, Stearns DM. Ultrastructural damage in chromium picolinate-treated cells: a TEM study. Transmission electron microscopy. J Biol Inorg Chem. 2002 Sep;7(7-8):791-8. Epub 2002 Mar 23. PMID: 12203015
  10. Lamson DS, Plaza SM. The safety and efficacy of high-dose chromium. Altern Med Rev. 2002 Jun;7(3):218-35. Review. PMID: 12126463
  11. Fowler JF Jr. Systemic contact dermatitis caused by oral chromium picolinate. Cutis. 2000 Feb;65(2):116. PMID: 10696566

Component-of

biotin/chromium/chromium picolinate chromium picolinate/gamboge chromium picolinate/inulin chromium/chromium picolinate/pyridoxine