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chili pepper; jalapeno

Indications: - spicy food comsumption* associated with lower mortality [1] - 14% lower mortality with consumption of spicy foods at least 3X/week [1] - reduction in mortality due to cancer, ischemic heart disease, & respiratory disease [1] - reduction in total & cardiovascular mortality (RR= 0.8) [4] - no reduction in cancer mortality [4] - effects independent of Mediterranean diet - higher intake of any type of chili pepper associated with lower motality from cardiovascular disease, cancer, or all causes in middle-aged adults [5] - 26%, 23%, and 25% relative reduction of death from cardiovascular disease, cancer, & all causes, respectively, for the highest vs lowest or no consumption of chili peppers [4] - high chili pepper consumption linked to reduced risk for mortality [6] - cardiovascular mortality, cancer-related mortality, all-cause mortality - not cerebrovascular mortality - optimal chili pepper consumption unknown [6] * chili pepper most commonly used spice [1] Complications: - thunderclap headache secondary to - reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome [2] Mechanism of action: - vasoactive substance, vasocontrictor [2]

General

food spice pharmaceutical herb; medicinal herb; herbal supplement; botanical

References

  1. Lv J, Qi L, Yu C et at Consumption of spicy foods and total and cause specific mortality: population based cohort study. BMJ 2015;351:h3942 http://www.bmj.com/content/351/bmj.h3942
  2. Boddhula SK, Boddhula S, Gunasekaran K, Bischof E. An unusual cause of thunderclap headache after eating the hottest pepper in the world - "The Carolina Reaper" BMJ Case Reports 2018. April 9 PMID: 29632122 http://casereports.bmj.com/content/2018/bcr-2017-224085
  3. Wikipedia:Chili pepper https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chili_pepper - Wikipedia: Carolina Reaper https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_Reaper
  4. Bonaccio M, Di Castelnuovo A, Costanzo S et al Chili Pepper Consumption and Mortality in Italian Adults. J Am Coll Cardiol. 74(25) December 2019. PMID: 31856971 http://www.onlinejacc.org/content/74/25/3139
  5. Busko M Chili Pepper Consumption Linked to Better Midlife Survival. Medscape - Nov 23, 2020 https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/941463 - Kaur M et al Cardiovascular Mortality - A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. American Heart Association Scientific Sessions, Nov 13, 2020 https://www.abstractsonline.com/pp8/?&_ga=2.247350852.11401197.1601999658-974688962.1581616096#!/9144/presentation/39489
  6. Welsh ET Consuming chili pepper linked to lower all-cause, CV, cancer-related mortality. Cardiology Today. Jan 4, 2022 https://www.healio.com/news/cardiology/20220104/consuming-chili-pepper-linked-to-lower-allcause-cv-cancerrelated-mortality