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caveolin-2 (CAV2)
Function:
- may act as a scaffolding protein within caveolar membranes
- interacts directly with G-protein alpha subunits & can functionally regulate their activity
- acts as an accessory protein in conjunction with CAV1 in targeting to lipid rafts & driving caveolae formation
- Ser-36 phosphorylated form has a role in modulating mitosis in endothelial cells
- positive regulator of cellular mitogenesis of the MAPK signaling pathway
- required for the insulin-stimulated nuclear translocation & activation of MAPK1 & STAT3, & the subsequent regulation of cell cycle progression (putative)
- may be involved in synaptic transduction in the retina
- phosphorylated on Ser & Tyr
- CAV1 promotes phosphorylation on Ser-23 which then targets the complex to the plasma membrane, lipid rafts & caveolae
- phosphorylation on Ser-36 appears to modulate mitosis in endothelial cells
- phosphorylation on both Tyr-19 & Tyr-27 is required for insulin-induced Ser-727 phosphorylation of STAT3 & its activation
- phosphorylation on Tyr-19 is required for insulin-induced phosphorylation of MAPK1 & DNA binding of STAT3
- tyrosine phosphorylation is induced by both EGF & insulin
- interacts with CAV1; the interaction forms a stable heterooligomeric complex required for targeting to lipid rafts & for caveolae formation
- Tyr phosphorylated forms do not form heterooligomers;
a) Tyr-19-phosphorylated form exiss as a monomer or dimer
b) Tyr-27-form exists as a monomer only
c) Tyr phosphorylated form interacts with the SH2 domain containing proteins, RASA1, NCK1 & SRC
d) Tyr phosphorylated form interacts with INSR
- interaction of Tyr-27-phosphorylated form is increased on insulin stimulation
e) Tyr-19 phosphorylated form interacts with phosphorylated MAPK1
- the interaction promoted by insulin, leads to nuclear location & MAPK1 activation
- interacts with STAT3
- interaction is increased on insulin-induced Tyr phosphorylation leading to STAT activation (putative)
Structure:
- monomer or homodimer
- belongs to the caveolin family
Compartment:
- nucleus, cytoplasm, Golgi membrane
- cell membrane, caveola
- potential hairpin-like structure in the membrane
- membrane protein of caveolae
- Tyr-19-phosphorylated form is enriched at sites of cell-cell contact & is translocated to the nucleus in complex with MAPK1 in response to insulin (putative)
- Tyr-27-phosphorylated form is located both in the cytoplasm & plasma membrane
- CAV1-mediated Ser-23-phosphorylated form locates to the plasma membrane
- Ser-36-phosphorylated form resides in intracellular compartments
Alternative initiation:
- named isoforms=3; alpha, beta, C
- alternative splicing
Expression:
- expressed in endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, skeletal myoblasts & fibroblasts
Related
caveola
General
caveolin
nuclear protein
phosphoprotein
Properties
SIZE: entity length = 162 aa
MW = 18 kD
COMPARTMENT: cytoplasm
cell nucleus
golgi
MOTIF: Tyr phosphorylation site {Y19}
Ser phosphorylation site {S20}
Ser phosphorylation site {S23}
Tyr phosphorylation site {Y27}
Ser phosphorylation site {S36}
transmembrane domain {87-107}
Database Correlations
OMIM 601048
UniProt P51636
Pfam PF01146
Entrez Gene 858
Kegg hsa:858
References
- UniProt :accession P51636
- Wikipedia; Note: Caveolin entry
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caveolin
- OMIM :accession 601048