Search
cardiac output
Indications:
- evaluation of heart failure
Normal range:
- 3-7 liters/min
Procedure:
- stroke volume (SV) x heart rate (HR)
Clinical significance:
- in the absence of heart failure, the cardiac output is equal to the venous return
- it is the venous return that determines the cardiac output
- the venous return is determined in large part by the oxygen demand of tissue
- skeletal muscle activity normally accounts for most variance in cardiac output
Related
cardiac index
heart rate
stroke volume
General
clinical procedure
References
- Manual of Medical Therapeutics, 28th ed, Ewald &
McKenzie (eds), Little, Brown & Co, Boston, 1995, pg 577
- Wikipedia: Cardiac output
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_output
- Marik PE
Noninvasive cardiac output monitors: a state-of the-art review.
J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2013 Feb;27(1):121-34
PMID: 22609340