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blood donation

Contraindications: - pregnancy - < 16,17 years of age - < 110 lbs - 6 prior blood donations within 1 year - < 8 weeks since prior blood donation - certain medical conditions, including - transmittable infection disease - severe heart disease or pulmonary disease disease - hemophilia - iron-deficiency anemia - leukemia Management: - ferrous gluconate (37.5 mg of elemental iron) daily for 6 months after blood donation may facilitate recovery of blood hemoglobin [3] - without supplemental iron many blood donors would be eligible to donate again before sufficient blood hemoglobin recovery [3] Notes: - in the U.S., blood donors are eligible to donate again 56 days after their last donation [3] - FDA has lifted lifting ban on blood donations from men who have sex with men [4] - men who have had sex with other men, at any time since 1977 (the beginning of the AIDS epidemic in the United States) were preveiously deferred as blood donors - as a group, these men are at increased risk for HIV1, hepatitis B & other infections that can be transmitted by blood transfusion - screening of blood products for transfusion-transmissible infectious agents - HIV1 - T-cell leukemia virus I/II [7] - hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus - West Nile virus [7] - Treponema pallidum (syphilis) [6] - Zika virus (all blood products, now where relevant) [1,5] - Zika virus RNA in plasma (cobas Zika test) - costly with low yield [9] - screening of pooled samples suggested [9] - where relevant - Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas disease) - Plasmodium species (malaria) [6] - Babesia [7,8]

Related

blood transfusion

Specific

autologous blood donation (transfusion) stem cell collection

General

clinical procedure

References

  1. Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, 18, 19 American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998, 2018, 2022
  2. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Blood Donations from Men Who Have Sex with Other Men Questions and Answers http://www.fda.gov/BiologicsBloodVaccines/BloodBloodProducts/QuestionsaboutBlood/ucm108186.htm
  3. Kiss JE et al Oral Iron Supplementation After Blood DonationA Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2015;313(6):575-583 PMID: 25668261 http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2108889
  4. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research Draft Guidance for Industry. May 2015 Revised Recommendations for Reducing the Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission by Blood and Blood Products. http://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/Blood/UCM446580.pdf - FDA News Release. December 21, 2015 FDA updates blood donor deferral policy to reflect the most current scientific evidence and continue to ensure the safety of the U.S. blood supply. http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm478031.htm
  5. FDA News Release. August 26, 2016 FDA advises testing for Zika virus in all donated blood and blood components in the US. http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm518218.htm
  6. World Health Organization (WHO). 2010 Screening Donated Blood for Transfusion-Transmissible Infections. http://www.who.int/bloodsafety/ScreeningDonatedBloodforTransfusion.pdf
  7. Rothaus C Red-Cell Transfusion. Resident 360. Sept. 27, 2017 https://resident360.nejm.org/content_items/red-cell-transfusion
  8. FDA News Release. March 6, 2018 FDA approves first tests to screen for tickborne parasite in whole blood and plasma to protect the U.S. blood supply. https://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm599782.htm
  9. Saa P, Proctor M, Foster G et al Investigational Testing for Zika Virus among U.S. Blood Donors. N Engl J Med 2018; 378:1778-1788. May 10, 2018 PMID: 29742375 https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1714977