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bioflavonoid; flavonoid

Antioxidants found in vegetables (especially onions & kale), fruits, black & green tea, red wine, cocoa, beer & malt. (includes flavonols) Flavanols include: - isorhamnetin: pears, olive oil, wine, tomato sauce - kaempferol: kale, beans, tea, spinach, broccoli - quercetin: tomatoes, kale, apples, tea - myricetin: tea, wine, kale, oranges, tomatoes - catechin: apples, berries, black grapes, pears, green tea - epicatechin: apples, blackberries, cherries, pears, green tea, red wine Flavonoids include: - anthocyanins found in blueberries, blackberries, & cherries - flavones found in some spices & yellow or orange fruits & vegetables Indications: - total flavonol intake is associated with slower decline in global cognition [9] - slower declines in episodic memory, semantic memory, & working memory - flavonols may reduce risk of Alzheimer's disease [3] - 600 mg (0.02 ounces) of flavonoids per day with 20% lower risk of cognitive decline than 150 mg (0.005 ounces) per day [5] - anthocyanins & flavones seem to have most protective effect in protection against cognitive decline [6] - diet higher in flavonoid-rich foods linked to lower mortality risk in persons with Parkinson's disease [8] - dietary flavonoids may attenuate aortic artery calcification [10] Mechanism of action: 1) antioxidant 2) platelet inhibition 3) a high flavanol diet (cocoa as source of flavanol*) ameliorates age-related cognitive decline via enhancing dentate gyrus function (assesed by fMRI) [2] 4) flavanol intake leads to faster & greater brain oxygenation responses to hypercapnia, & higher performance butonly when cognitive demand is high [4] 5) beneficial effects of cocoa flavanols on endothelial function are linked to vasodilation via increases in bioavailability of nitric oxide [4] 6) long term benefits of flavanols may be also driven by gut-derived metabolites [4] * processing of cocoa greatly reduces flavanol content [7]

Related

isoflavonoid

Specific

catchetin; catergen diosmin epicatechin hesperidin isorhamnetin; 3-methylquercetin; isorhamnetol; 3'-methoxyquercetin kaempferol; robigenin; rhamnolutein; populnetin; trifolitin myricetin; cannabiscetin proanthocyanidin rutin; rutoside; quercetin-3-rutinoside; sophorin troxerutin; posorutin; vitamin P4; vastribil

General

bioagent glycoside

Properties

Database Correlations

Kegg map/map00941

References

  1. Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 11, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 1998
  2. Brickman AM et al Enhancing dentate gyrus function with dietary flavonols improves cognition in older adults. Nature Neuroscience. Published Online October 25, 2014 PMID: 25344629
  3. George J More Flavonol, Less Alzheimer's - Prospective study points to phyotochemicals as possible neuroprotective agents. MedPage Today Jan 29, 2020 https://www.medpagetoday.com/neurology/alzheimersdisease/84603 - Holland T, Agarwal P, Wang Y et al Dietary flavonols and risk of Alzheimer dementia, Neurology 2020, Jan 29. PMID: 31996451 - McNamara D First Evidence Dietary Flavonols Linked to Lower Alzheimer Risk. Medscape - Jan 30, 2020. https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/9245
  4. Gratton G, Weaver SR, Burley CV et al Dietary flavanols improve cerebral cortical oxygenation and cognition in healthy adults. Sci Rep 10, 19409 (2020) PMID: 33235219 Free article https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-76160-9
  5. Yeh TS, Yuan C, Ascherio A et al Long-term Dietary Flavonoid Intake and Subjective Cognitive Decline in US Men and Women. Neurology. 2021 Jul 28;10.1212/WNL.0000000000012454. PMID: 34321362
  6. Brooks M Flavonoids Dietary 'Powerhouses' for Cognitive Decline Prevention. Medscape. August 9, 2021 https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/956242 - Yeh TS, Yuan C, Ascherio A et al Long-term Dietary Flavonoid Intake and Subjective Cognitive Decline in US Men and Women. Neurology. September 07, 2021; 97 (10) PMID: 34321362 PMCID: PMC8448553 (available on 2022-09-07) https://n.neurology.org/content/97/10/e1041
  7. Ali YS Fast Five Quiz: Chocolate and Health Facts vs Fiction. Medscape. October 11, 2021 https://reference.medscape.com/viewarticle/903045_2
  8. George J More Flavonoids, Better Parkinson's Outcome. MedPage Today January 26, 2022 https://www.medpagetoday.com/neurology/parkinsonsdisease/96878
  9. George J Flavonols Linked to Slower Cognitive Decline. Memory scores better in older adults who ate more flavonol-rich fruits and vegetables. MedPage Today November 23, 2022 https://www.medpagetoday.com/neurology/dementia/101921 - Holland TM, Agarwal P, Wang Y et al Association of Dietary Intake of Flavonols With Changes in Global Cognition and Several Cognitive Abilities. Neurology. November 22, 2022 PMID: 36414424 https://n.neurology.org/content/early/2022/11/22/WNL.0000000000201541
  10. Parmenter BH, Bondonno CP, Murray K et al Higher Habitual Dietary Flavonoid Intake Associates With Less Extensive Abdominal Aortic Calcification in a Cohort of Older Women. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2022 Dec;42(12):1482-1494 PMID: 36325901 https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/ATVBAHA.122.318408

Component-of

ascorbate/bioflavonoid ascorbate/bioflavonoid/choline bitartrate/cobalamin/inositol/nicotinamide/pantothenate/pyridoxine/riboflavin/thiamine ascorbate/bioflavonoid/grape seed extract bilberry/bioflavonoid/quercetin/rutin bioflavonoid/quercetin