apelin (APJ endogenous ligand, [Contains: Apelin-36; Apelin-31; Apelin-28; Apelin-13], APLN, APEL)

Function: - endogenous ligand for APJ, an alternative coreceptor with CD4 for HIV-1 infection - inhibits HIV-1 entry in cells coexpressing CD4 & APJ - Apelin-36 has a greater inhibitory activity on HIV infection than other synthetic apelin derivatives - oral intake in the colostrum & the milk could have a role in modulation of immune responses in neonates - role in the central control of body fluid homeostasis by influencing AVP release and drinking behavior (putative) - several active peptides may be produced by proteolytic processing of the peptide precursor Structure: belongs to the apelin family Compartment: secreted Expression: - expressed in brain with highest levels in frontal cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus, midbrain - secreted by mammary gland into colostrum & milk Laboratory: - apelin in serum/plasma

Properties

SIZE: MW = 9 kD entity length = 77 aa COMPARTMENT: extracellular compartment MOTIF: signal sequence {1-22}

Database Correlations

OMIM 300297 UniProt Q9ULZ1

References

UniProt :accession Q9ULZ1