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antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD)

See acute diarrhea. Etiology: - see pharmaceutical agents associated with diarrhea Management: 1) see acute diarrhea & pseudomembranous enterocolitis 2) prophylaxis: - probiotics may be useful for prevention [1,2,3,4,7] - not much use given once a day [5] 3) probiotics may be useful in conjunction with antibiotics for treatment [4,7] 4) if C difficile DNA is negative, diarrhea is watery, non-bloody, bowel sounds normal, abdomen benign, use anti-motility agent [6]

Related

pharmaceutical agents associated with diarrhea

Specific

pseudomembranous enterocolitis

General

drug adverse effect(s) of acute diarrhea

References

  1. McFarland LV. Meta-analysis of probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhea and the treatment of Clostridium difficile disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2006; 101:812 PMID: 16635227
  2. Szajewska H et al, Probiotics in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. J Pediatr 2006, 149:367 PMID: 16939749
  3. Hickson M et al, Use of probiotic Lactobacillus preparation to prevent diarrhoea associated with antibiotics: Randomised double blind placebo controlled trial. BMJ 2007, 335:80 PMID: 17604300
  4. Hempel S et al Probiotics for the Prevention and Treatment of Antibiotic- Associated DiarrheaA Systematic Review and Meta-analysis JAMA. 2012;307(18):1959-1969 PMID: 22570464 http://jama.ama-assn.org/content/307/18/1959.abstract
  5. Allen SJ et al. Lactobacilli and bifidobacteria in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and Clostridium difficile diarrhoea in older inpatients (PLACIDE): A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. Lancet 2013 Aug 8 PMID: 23932219 http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(13)61218-0/fulltext
  6. Medical Knowledge Self Assessment Program (MKSAP) 17, 18 American College of Physicians, Philadelphia 2015, 2018
  7. van Wietmarschen HA, Busch M, van Oostveen A et al Probiotics use for antibiotic-associated diarrhea: a pragmatic participatory evaluation in nursing homes. BMC Gastroenterology volume 20, Article number: 151 (2020) PMID: 32404062 Free PMC article https://bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12876-020-01297-w