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amobarbital (Amytal)
Sedative, hypnotic.
Adverse effects:
1) coma
2) respiratory arrest
3) death
Drug interactions:
1) coadministration of valproic acid increases plasma barbiturate concentration
2) coadministration of ethanol or other CNS depressants increases effect
3) barbiturates induce CYP1A2, CYP2C9 & CYP3A4
- may diminish levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2, CYP2C9 & CYP3A4
Laboratory:
1) specimen: serum, amobarbital in serum/plasma
2) methods: color, GLC, HPLC, EIA, RIA
3) interferences:
- EIA, RIA: cross reactivity with other barbiturates
3) laboratories with Loincs
- amobarbital in specimen
- amobarbital in hair
- amobarbital in body fluid
- amobarbital in serum/plasma/blood
- amobarbital in blood
- amobarbital in serum/plasma
- amobarbital in gastric fluid
- amobarbital in meconium
- amobarbital in saliva
- amobarbital in stool
- amobarbital in urine
- amobarbital in vitreous fluid
Interactions
drug interactions
drug adverse effects of anticonvulsants
monitor with anticonvulsants
Related
cytochrome p450 1A2 (cytochrome P3-450, phenacetin deethylase, cytochrome p450-4, CYP1A2)
cytochrome P450 2C9; cytochrome P450 BP-1; cytochrome P450 MP-4; S-mephenytoin-4-hydroxylase; limonene 6-monooxygenase; limonene 7-monooxygenase (CYP2C9, CYP2C10)
cytochrome P450 3A4 (cytochrome P450 C3, nifedipine oxidase, P450-PCN1, NF-25, CYP3A4)
General
anticonvulsant
barbiturate
Properties
MISC-INFO: elimination route LIVER
1/2life 8-24 HOURS
therapeutic-range 1-5 UG/ML
toxic-range >10 UG/ML
protein-binding 58%
elimination by hemodialysis +
peritoneal dialysis -
Database Correlations
PUBCHEM correlations
References
- Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, 3rd ed. Teitz ed.,
W.B. Saunders, 1995
- Prescriber's Letter 13(3): 2006
Cytochrome P450 drug interactions
Detail-Document#: 220233
(subscription needed) http://www.prescribersletter.com
Component-of
amobarbital/secobarbital (Tuinal)