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HIV1/AIDS-associated neurologic disorder
Etiology:
1) meningitis
a) Cryptococcus neoformans
b) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
c) Listeria monocytogenes (uncommon)
d) Histoplasma capsulatum (uncommon)
e) Mycobacterium avium complex (uncommon)
f) neurosyphilis
g) aseptic meningitis
h) HIV1 itself may be able to cause a pachymeningitis [1]
2) peripheral neuropathy
a) sensory polyneuropathy
b) autonomic polyneuropathy
c) mononeuritis multiplex
d) varicella zoster (uncommon)
e) demyelinating neuropathy (uncommon)
f) cranial neuropathy due to neurosyphilis
g) pharmaceutical agents
1] didanosine
2] zalcitabine
3) myelopathy/radiculopathy
a) vacuolar (HIV) myelopathy
b) varicella zoster virus (uncommon)
c) Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
d) Herpes simplex virus
e) lymphoma (uncommon)
4) encephalitis
a) Toxoplasma gondii
b) progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)
c) Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
d) tuberculous brain disease (uncommon)
e) cryptococcoma (uncommon)
f) Nocardia (uncommon)
g) Herpes simplex virus (HSV) (uncommon)
h) varicella zoster (uncommon)
5) AIDS dementia complex
6) primary central nervous system lymphoma
7) myopathy
Complications:
- neurologic complications may occur/persist despite undetectable plasma HIV viral load [1]
Related
Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome (HIV infection stage 3, AIDS)
General
complications in patients with HIV1 infection
neurologic disease
References
- Peluso MJ et al.
Cerebrospinal fluid HIV escape associated with progressive
neurologic dysfunction in patients on antiretroviral therapy
with well controlled plasma viral load.
AIDS 2012 Sep 10; 26:1765.
PMID: 22614889
- Pasquet A et al
Central nervous system HIV replication and HIV-related
pachymeningitis in a patient on protease inhibitor monotherapy
despite an undetectable viral load
AIDS 2012 Aug 24; 26:1726
PMID: 22874480