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adverse cutaneous drug reaction
Etiology:
- sulfonamide antibiotics & cephalosporins with highest risk of serious reactions relative to macrolides
- nitrofurantoin, penicillins, & fluoroquinolones with lesser risks
Epidemiology:
- 2 hospital visits for cutaneous adverse drug reactions occur for every 1,000 antibiotic prescriptions
- most drug reactions do not lead to hospitalization
- hospitalization risk highest for cephalosporins, 4.9 per 1,000 prescriptions & sulfonamides, 3.2 per 1,000 prescriptions
- 1 in 8 patients presenting to the ED with an adverse cutaneous drug reaction are hospitalized
- 9.6% require transfer to critical care
- 5.3% will die while hospitalized
Clinical manifestations:
- drug rashes
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis
General
adverse drug reaction (ADR)
References
- Lee EY, Gomes T, Drucker AM et al
Oral Antibiotics and Risk of Serious Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions.
JAMA. 2024 Aug 8.
PMID: 39115856
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2822097