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acyl carrier protein (ACP)
Function:
- a small (8.8 kDa) but ubiquitous & highly conserved carrier of acyl groups during the synthesis of fatty acids
Structure:
- 4-phosphopantetheine moiety, linked via its phosphate group to the hydroxyl group of Ser
Comparative biology:
- in yeast & mammals, it forms a separate region within a multifunctional fatty acid synthase complex, but in bacteria & plastids it remains as a small monomeric protein
- in humans, acyl carrier proteins include:
- fatty acid synthase
- 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase
- octanoyltransferase, mitochondrial
- malonyl-CoA-acyl carrier protein transacylase
- hydroxyacyl-thioester dehydratase type 2, mitochondrial
- NADH dehydrogenase 9.6 kD subunit
Specific
3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase, mitochondrial
fatty acid synthase; includes: [acyl-carrier-protein] S-acetyltransferase; [acyl-carrier-protein] S-malonyltransferase; 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase; 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase; 3-hydroxypalmitoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase; enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase; Oleoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] hydrolase (FASN, FAS)
hydroxyacyl-thioester dehydratase type 2, mitochondrial; HsHTD2; 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase (RPP14)
malonyl-CoA-acyl carrier protein transacylase, mitochondrial; MCT; mitochondrial malonyltransferase; [acyl-carrier-protein] malonyltransferase (MCAT, MT)
NADH dehydrogenase 9.6 kD subunit; mitochondrial acyl carrier protein; ACP C1-SDAP; NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 9.6 kD subunit (ACP, NDUFAB1)
octanoyltransferase, mitochondrial; octanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein]-protein N-octanoyltransferase; lipoyl/octanoyl transferase; lipoate-protein ligase B (LIPT2)
General
carrier protein (transporter)
References
- Christie WW
Coenzyme A and acyl carrier protein: structure, occurrence,
biology and analysis.
lipidlibrary.aocs.org
http://lipidlibrary.aocs.org/lipids/coa/file.pdf