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yellow fever

Mosquitoe-borne infection transmitted by Aedes aegypti & other Aedes species & Haemogogus mosquitoes. Monkeys serve as a reservoir for the yellow fever virus. Epidemiology: 1) urban yellow fever occurs only in some African cities 2) jungle yellow fever occurs in South America & Africa 3) yellow fever in 10 travelers returning to the U.S. from Brazil in 2018 [6] - 4 deaths - all cases in unvaccinated persons - 8 infected on Ilha Grande, an island off the coast of Rio de Janeiro [6] Clinical manifestations: 1) period of viremia lasting 3-4 days 2) followed by a period of 'intoxication' a) jaundice b) hemorrhage c) black vomitus d) anuria e) delirium Laboratory: 1) complete blood count (CBC) - leukocyte count may be normal, reduced or high 2) urinalysis: albuminuria 3) serum creatinine & serum urea nitrogen may be increased depending upon degree of renal failure 4) liver function tests may be mildly abnormal to severely abnormal Management: 1) vaccination of all visitors to endemic areas 2) Information regarding vaccination may be obtained from: Health Information for Travelers Centers for Disease Control & Prevention Atlanta, GA 30333 Fax: (404) 332-4565 Phone: (404) 332-4559

Related

yellow fever vaccine (YF-VAX, Stamaril) yellow fever virus

General

viral infection

References

  1. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 14th ed. Fauci et al (eds), McGraw-Hill Inc. NY, 1998, pg 1144
  2. Prescriber's Letter 9(7):40 2002
  3. World Health Organization (WHO) Yellow fever vaccination essential for Angola, WHO reminds travellers. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2016/yellow-fever-vaccination/en/
  4. World Health Organization (WHO) Yellow Fever - Brazil. Disease outbreak news. March 6 2017 http://www.who.int/csr/don/06-march-2017-yellow-fever-brazil/en/
  5. Paules CI, Fauci AS Yellow Fever - Once Again on the Radar Screen in the Americas. N Engl J Med. March 8, 2017 PMID: 28273000 http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp1702172
  6. Hamer DH, Angelo K, Caumes E, et al. Fatal Yellow Fever in Travelers to Brazil, 2018. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. ePub: 16 March 2018 https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/67/wr/mm6711e1.htm
  7. Wikipedia: Yellow fever https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_fever
  8. Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC) Yellow Fever. https://www.cdc.gov/yellowfever/