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xylazine (Xyla-Ject, TranquiVed, AnaSed, XylaMed, tranq)

Used in veterinary medicine. Added to street fentanyl* to boost its effects & extend its high [2] * not for human use [2] Indications: - sedation, anesthesia, muscle relaxation, & analgesia Adverse effects: - severe necrotic wounds, may extend to bone [2,4]* - amputation * image [4]

Interactions

drug adverse effects of adrenergic receptor agonists

General

alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist

Database Correlations

PUBCHEM correlations

References

  1. Wikipedia: Xylazine http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xylazine
  2. Fiore K What Doctors Should Know About Xylazine in Fentanyl. Naloxone still works but additional support may be needed; wound care a challenge. MedPage Today February 1, 2023 https://www.medpagetoday.com/special-reports/features/102915
  3. D'Orazio J, Nelson L, Perrone J et al Xylazine Adulteration of the Heroin-Fentanyl Drug Supply. A Narrative Review. Ann Intern Med. 2023. Oct 10. PMID: 37812779 https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/full/10.7326/M23-2001
  4. Gupta R, Holtgrave DR, Ashburn MA. Xylazine - Medical and Public Health Imperatives. N Engl J Med 2023; 388:2209-2212 PMID: 3709933 https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMp2303120
  5. Kariisa M, O'Donnell J, Kumar S, Mattson CL, Goldberger BA. Illicitly Manufactured Fentanyl-Involved Overdose Deaths with Detected Xylazine - United States, January 2019-June 2022. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2023;72:721-727 PMID: 37384558 PMCID: PMC10328484 Free PMC article https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7226a4.htm