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xanthelasma
Etiology:
- prevalent in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia
Epidemiology:
- the most common form of xanthoma
- more frequent in women
- can appear at any age with peak incidence in 30s & 40s
Pathology:
- nodules or plaques consist mainly of cholesteryl esters
- cholesterol-rich macrophages
Clinical manifestations:
- non-tender yellow nodule or plaque (xanthoma), especially on the eyelid or medial canthus
Laboratory:
- lipid panel:
- elevated LDL cholesterol
- plasma lipid levels may be normal [3]
Complications:
- associated with increased of
a) myocardial infarction
b) ischemic heart disease
c) severe atherosclerosis
d) death [2]
- not at increased risk
a) ischemic stroke
b) cerebrovascular disease [2]
Specific
eyelid xanthelasma
General
xanthoma
References
- Stedman's Medical Dictionary 24th ed, Williams &
Wilkins, Baltimore, 1982
- Christoffersen M et al
Xanthelasmata, arcus corneae, and ischaemic vascular disease
and death in general population: prospective cohort study
BMJ 2011; 343:d5497
PMID: 21920887
http://www.bmj.com/content/343/bmj.d5497.full
- NEJM Knowledge+ Endocrinology