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wearable device

Device such as Apple watch or event recorder paired with system of data collection & analysis worn during activities of daily living to capture & analyze real-time physiologic & behavioral data. Indications: - used in surveillance of patients during illness - analytic model using increase in heart rate & decrease in sleep activity [1] - used to evaluate arrhythmias - used to assess heart rate & rhythm at rest & during exercise* - may be useful for identification of mild cognitive impairment in elderly with subjective cognitive complaints - combination of Apple watch & iPhone able to detect mild cognitive impairment [4] - collected data included typing dynamics, speech, activity, & heart rate [4] * reasonably accurate at measuring heart rate during rest in sinus rhythm but less accurate during atrial fibrillation or exercise [3] Notes: - use of deidentified data from wearable-sensor databases can enhance tracking of seasonal influenza [1] - use of wearable device may predict heart failure readmissions [2] - adhesive sensor is worn on the chest - sensor collects electrocardiographic data & measurements of skin impedance, temperature, activity, & posture - datais uploaded them to a cloud server via smartphone - machine learning used to create individualized baseline standards & an algorithm to generate a clinical alert - clinical alert predicts heat failure hospitalization within 10 days with a sensitivity of 76% when specificity was set at 85% [2]

Specific

activity monitor (Fitbit) Optune Pax

General

device (medical device)

References

  1. Radin JM et al. Harnessing wearable device data to improve state-level real-time surveillance of influenza-like illness in the USA: A population-based study. Lancet Digit Health 2020 Feb; 2:E85. Not indexed in PubMed - Viboud C, Santillana M. Fitbit-informed influenza forecasts. Lancet Digit Health 2020 Feb; 2:E54. - Ellison RT Flu Tracking with Wearable Technology. NEJM Journal Watch. Jan 30, 2020 Massachusetts Medical Society (subscription needed) http://www.jwatch.org https://www.jwatch.org/na50736/2020/01/30/flu-tracking-with-wearable-technology
  2. Stehlik J, Schmalfuss S, Bozkurt B et al. Continuous wearable monitoring analytics predict heart failure hospitalization: The LINK-HF multicenter study. Circ Heart Fail 2020 Mar; 13:e006513 PMID: 32093506 https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.119.006513
  3. Quinn R, Leader N, Lebovic G, Chow CM, Dorian P Accuracy of wearable heart rate monitors during exercise in sinus rhythm and atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024 Mar 26; 83:1177-1179. PMID: 38508851 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0735109724002286
  4. Butler PM et al. Smartwatch- and smartphone-based remote assessment of brain health and detection of mild cognitive impairment. Nat Med 2025 Mar; 31:829 PMID: 40038507 PMCID: PMC11922773