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vaginal delivery
Procedure:
- delivery of a fetus from the uterus, through the cervix & out the vaginal orifice.
- in assisted vaginal delivery, forceps appears to protect the baby at the expense of the maternal vagina. [2]
- neonatal morbidity is associated with vacuum delivery [2]
- warm compresses applied to the perineum during pushing [4]
- a single dose of antibiotics is recommended during repair of obstetric anal sphincter injuries [4]
- restrictive use of episiotomy [4]
- mediolateral episiotomy is generally preferred over midline episiotomy
- hemostatic 1st-degree lacerations or perineal skin of 2nd-degree lacerations may be repaired with standard suture or adhesive glue
- for 2nd-degree lacerations, continuous suturing is preferred over interrupted suturing [4]
General
labor & delivery
References
- Stedman's Medical Dictionary 27th ed, Williams &
Wilkins, Baltimore, 1999.
- Caughey AB et al,
Forceps compared with vacuum. Rates of neonatal an maternal
morbidity.
Obset Gyncecol. 2005; 106:908
PMID: 16260505
- NIH Consensus Development Conference on Vaginal Birth After
Cesarean: New Insights. March 8-10, 2010
http://consensus.nih.gov/2010/vbac.htm
- Young K, Sofair A, Chavey WE
Obstetricians Group Continues to Recommend Restrictive Use
of Episiotomy
Physician's First Watch, June 24, 2016
David G. Fairchild, MD, MPH, Editor-in-Chief
Massachusetts Medical Society
http://www.jwatch.org