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qualitative urine drug screen
Indications:
- evaluation of drug overdose
- evaluation of drug abuse
Clinical significance:
* Drugs commonly included in a qualitiative urine drug screen:
- Analgesics:
- acetaminophen
- codeine
- meperidine
- morphine
- pentazocine
- propoxyphene
- salicylate
- oxycodone*
- hydrocodone*
* most opiate assays are calibrated to detect morphine & codeine
* hydrocodone & oxycodone are variably detected [5]
* methadone & fentanyl are not detected as opiate
- Anticonvulsants:
- carbamazepine
- phenytoin
- Barbiturates:
- amobarbital
- butabarbital
- butalbital
- pentobarbital
- phenobarbital
- secobarbital
- Benzodiazepines: (metabolites)
- oxazepam glucuronide
- alpha-hydroxyalprazolam
- alpha-hydroxytriazolam
- alpha-hydroxyethylflurazepam
- nordiazepam
- lorazepam glucuronide
- Tricyclic antidepressants:
- amitriptyline
- amoxapine
- bupropion
- desipramine
- doxepin
- fluoxetine
- imipramine
- maprotiline
- nortriptyline
- sertraline
- trimipramine
- Phenothiazines:
- chlorpromazine
- prochlorperazine
- promethazine
- trifluoperazine
- thioridazine
- triflupromazine
- trimaprazine
- Sedative & hypnotics:
- ethchlorvynol
- ethinamate
- glutethimide
- meprobamate
- methaqualone
- Stimulants:
- amphetamine
- ephedrine/pseudoephedrine
- caffeine
- benzoylecgonine (cocaine metabolite)
- methamphetamine
- nicotine
- phenylpropanolamine
- Miscellaneous:
- chlorpheniramine
- dimenhydrinate
- diphenhydramine
- phencyclidine (PCP)
- quinine/quinidine
- strychnine
- theophylline
Related
drug of abuse test
General
urine toxicology
References
- Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, 3rd ed. Teitz ed.,
W.B. Saunders, 1995
- Panel of 35 tests
Laboratory Test Directory ARUP: 90453
- Drug Screen (Nonforensic), Urine, Qual
Laboratory Test Directory ARUP: 90500
- Mini Panel of 2 tests: Drug Screen (Nonforensic), Serum . Drug Screen (Nonforensic), Urine, Qual
Laboratory Test Directory ARUP: 90560
- Haymond S, Nagpal G, Heiman H.
Urine Drug Screens to Monitor Opioid Use for Managing Chronic
Pain.
JAMA. 2017;318(11):1061-1062.
PMID: 28975284
http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2654361
Component-of
coma panel