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cryptorchidism

failure of testis to descend Epidemiology: - one of the most frequent congenital abnormalities in humans, involving 2-5% of male births Genetics: - associated with defects in RXFP2 gene - associated with defects in INSL3 gene (low frequency) Laboratory: 1) serum beta-chorionic gonadotropin (serum beta-hCG) a) tumor marker most likely to be increased in young man with cryptorchidism corrected with orchidopexy [4] b) increased in 10% of seminomas c) may be increased in non-seminomas [3] d) correlates with trophoblasts within tumor 2) serum alpha-fetoprotein is NEVER increased in pure seminomas Complications: - increased risk of infertility & testicular cancer (seminoma) Management: - orchidopexy

Related

testis

General

developmental disorder male genital disease

Database Correlations

OMIM 219050

References

  1. Stedmans Medical Dictionary, 26th ed., Williams & Wilkins 1995
  2. OMIM :accession 219050
  3. Ferguson L, Agoulnik AI. Testicular cancer and cryptorchidism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2013 Mar 20;4:32. PMID: 23519268 PMCID: PMC3602796 Free PMC article
  4. NEJM Knowledge+