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small ubiquitin-related modifier 3; SUMO-3; ubiquitin-like protein SMT3A; SMT3 homolog 1; SUMO-2 (SUMO3, SMT3A, SMT3H1)
SUMO3 would appear to be identical with sentrin-3 & ubiquitin-like protein SMT3A [3]
Function:
- ubiquitin-like protein which can be covalently attached to target Lys either as a monomer or as a Lys-linked polymer
- does not seem to be involved in protein degradation
- may function as an antagonist of ubiquitin in the degradation process
- plays a role in a number of cellular processes such as
a) nuclear transport
b) DNA replication & repair
c) mitosis
d) signal transduction
- covalent attachment to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex SAE1-SAE2 & linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I, & can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as PIAS1-4, RANBP2 or CBX4
- polymeric chains can be formed through Lys-11 cross-linking
- cleavage of precursor form by SENP1, SENP2 or SENP5 is necessary for function
- interacts with SAE2 & UBE2I
- covalently attached to a number of proteins (putative)
- targets of sumoylation by SUMO3 include:
a) topoisomerase-2 [1]
b) amyloid precursor protein (APP)* [2]
1] increased sumoylation with poly(SUMO)chains is associated with diminished A4-amyloid peptide production
2] SUMO3 immunoreactivity present in human brain may be associated with inhibition of APP proteolysis
Structure:
- belongs to the ubiquitin family, SUMO subfamily
- contains 1 ubiquitin-like domain
- SUMO2 & SUMO3 are 95% similar at the amino-terminus
Compartment: cytoplasm
Expression:
- expressed predominantly in liver
- presumably expressed in brain [2]
General
SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier)
Properties
SIZE: entity length = 103 aa
MW = 12 kD
COMPARTMENT: cytoplasm
MOTIF: Ubiquitin-like {15-92}
Database Correlations
OMIM 602231
UniProt P55854
Entrez Gene 6612
Kegg hsa:6612
References
- Azuma Y et al,
J Cell Bil 163:477, 2003
PMID: 14597774
- Li Y, Wang H, Wang S, Quon D, Liu YW, Cordell B.
Positive and negative regulation of APP amyloidogenesis by
sumoylation.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Jan 7;100(1):259-64.
Epub 2002 Dec 27.
Erratum in: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Jul 22;100(15):9102.
PMID: 12506199
- Ye ET et al
Ubiquitin-like proteins: new wines in new bottles.
Gene 248:1, 2000
PMID: 10806345
- Wikipedia; Note: SUMO protein entry
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SUMO_protein