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sulfonamide
Any drug with a sulfonamide component. There are 3 basic types:
Classification:
1) sulfonylarylamines,
- the sulfonamide antibiotics plus some HIV protease inhibitors
- ~3% of patients report an allergy to sulfa antibiotics.
2) nonsulfonylarylamines:
- loop diuretics, thiazides, sulfonylureas, celecoxib, acetazolamide, etc.
3) sulfonamide moieties:
- contain a sulfa group not directly attached to an aromatic ring like the others
- sumatriptan, sotalol, topiramate
Adverse effects:
- hypersensitivity* [2]
- use during pregnancy associated with birth defects, including:
a) anencephaly
b) left-sided heart defects
* PEN-FAST (SULF-FAST) criteria for predicting sulfonamide hypersensitivity
- allergic event occurred anaphylaxis/angioedema or severe cutaneous adverse reaction (2 points)
- treatment was required for allergic event (1 point)
* a PEN-FAST (SULF-FAST) of <3 associated with <5% risk of hypersensitivity reaction
- a score >= 3 associated with >20% risk of hypersensitivity reaction [2]
Interactions
drug interactions
drug adverse effects of sulfonamides
Related
sulfa allergy
sulfonamide crystals in urine
Specific
acetazolamide (Diamox)
benzolamide
bumetanide (Bumex)
celecoxib (Celebrex)
chloramine (chloramine T, sulfonechloramide, Cloraseptine, Chloralone)
chlorthalidone (Hygroton)
clopamide (Brinaldix, Aquex)
dapsone (Avlosulfon)
dichlorphenamide (Daranide)
dorzolamide (Trusopt)
hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ, HydroDIURIL, Oretic, Esidrix)
mafenide (Sulfamylon)
mefruside (Baycaron)
methazolamide (Neptazane)
metolazone (Zaroxolyn, Diulo, Mykrox)
naratriptan (Amerge)
probenecid (Benemid, Probalan)
salicylazosulfapyridine
sulfabenzamide
sulfamethizole (Thiosulfil Forte, Tija, Urobiotic)
sulfanilamide
sumatriptan (Imitrex, migratriptan, Arcoiran, Sumavel DosePro)
tipranavir (Aptivus, TPV)
valdecoxib (Bextra)
xipamide (Aquaphor, Diurexan)
zonisamide (Zonegran)
General
amide
antibacterial agent
sulfa drug
References
- Prescriber's Letter 11(7):42 2004
Sulfa Drugs and the Sulfa-allergic Patient
Detail-Document#: 211113
(subscription needed) http://www.prescribersletter.com
- Waldron JL et al.
Development and validation of a sulfa antibiotic allergy clinical decision rule.
JAMA Netw Open 2023 Jun 5; 6:e2316776.
PMID: 37273210 PMCID: PMC10242418 Free PMC article
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2805577