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striatum

Structure: - consists of caudate & putamen * image [3] Afferents: 1) cortical afferents a) medium-sized spiny neurons in dorsal striatum receive projections from the neocortex* - most afferents from pyramidal neurons in layer 5 - also neurons in layers 3 & 4 b) ventral striatum receives projections from - hippocampus - entorhinal cortex - olfactory cortex - basolateral amygdala 2) subcortical afferents a) dopaminergic fibers - largely ipsilateral from - substantia nigra pars compacta - ventral tegmental area - topographically clustered - anterolateral cells of the pars compacta project to the head of the caudate - caudomedial cells project to the putamen - anteromedial cells in the pars compacta & ventral tegmental area project to the ventral striatum b) ipsilateral dorsal raphe (serotoninergic & other) c) bilateral fibers from the reticular formation d) caudal region of spinal trigeminal nucleus e) central gray area f) posterior & lateral hypothalamus - histamine, GABA, galanin, met-enkephalin within same neuron - alpha-MSH g) thalamus - intralaminar nuclei (major source of afferents from thalamus) - lateral-posterior nucleus - pulvinar - ventral anterior nucleus - ventral lateral nucleus - medial geniculate nucleus h) subthalamic nucleus i) globus pallidus * schematic: Connections of the Basal Nuclei [4] Efferents: 1) three major striatal efferent targets a) external globus pallidus - each segment of the globus pallidus receives afferents from a column of overlying striatum b) internal globus pallidus, including substantia nigra pars reticulata c) substantia nigra pars compacta * medium-sized spiny neurons in dorsal striatum receiving projections from the neocortex also contribute to striatal efferents

General

brain structure

References

  1. The Human Nervous System, George Paxinos, Academic Press, San Diego CA 1990
  2. The Human Nervous System, an atomical viewpoint, Barr ML, 2nd ed, Harper & Row, Hargerstown, MD, 1974
  3. lumen Anatomy & Physiology. Module 12. The Nervous System The Central Nervous System Frontal section of the Cerebral Cortex and Basal Nuclei https://courses.lumenlearning.com/austincc-ap1/chapter/the-central-nervous-system/#m46533-fig-ch13_02_04
  4. lumen Anatomy & Physiology. Module 12. The Nervous System The Central Nervous System Connections of the Basal Nuclei https://courses.lumenlearning.com/austincc-ap1/chapter/the-central-nervous-system/#m46533-fig-ch13_02_05

Component-of

corpus striatum (striate body)

Components

caudate nucleus globus pallidus external segment putamen