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stress
- reaction of the body to deleterious forces, infections & abnormal states that disturb homeostasis.
Laboratory:
- increased serum IL-6 [2]
Special laboratory:
- investigational MRI [2]
- during social stress, activation of the amygdala correlates with the size of the city in which a person resides
- activation of a part of the cingulate cortex correlates with upbringing in a large city [2]
Comparative biology:
- in male mice
- stress activates neurons of the hypothalmic paraventricular nucleus to secrete corticotropin
- inhibition of neurons in the hypothalmic paraventricular nucleus results in modest improvements in sleep, & more substantial gains in memory [3]
Related
Stress & the Developing Brain
Specific
abuse
oxidative stress
psychosocial stress
General
sign/symptom
References
- Stedman's Medical Dictionary 27th ed, Williams &
Wilkins, Baltimore, 1999
- Lederbogen F et al.
City living and urban upbringing affect neural social stress
processing in humans.
Nature 2011 Jun 23; 474:498.
PMID: 21697947
- Kennedy DP and Adolphs R.
Social neuroscience: Stress and the city.
Nature 2011 Jun 23; 474:452.
PMID: 21697937
- Kavanagh K
Revealed: how the brain turns stress into a bad night's sleep.
Nature News. June 19, 2025
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-025-01910-6
- Wiest A, Maurer JJ, Beier KT, Weber F, Chung S.
Role of hypothalamic CRH neurons in regulating the impact of stress on memory and sleep.
J Neurosci. 2025 Jun 9:e2146242025.
PMID: 40490361
https://www.jneurosci.org/content/early/2025/05/30/JNEUROSCI.2146-24.2025